Iifasteners zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana nemizi-mveliso, ulwakhiwo, kunye nokuveliswa koomatshini. Ukwazi indlela yokusebenzisa ezi fasteners ngempumelelo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lweprojekthi. Olunye ulwazi oluphambili malunga nokusetyenziswa kweefasteners:
Iintlobo ezisisiseko kunye nemigangatho ye-fasteners
I-Bolts (DIN 931, 933): Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa koomatshini kunye nokulungiswa kweendawo zesakhiwo. I-DIN 931 yibhowuthi enesiqingatha, ngelixa iDIN 933 iyibhowuthi enemisonto epheleleyo.
Amantongomane (DIN 934): Amantongomane anehexagonal asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, asetyenziswa ngeebholiti.
Iiwasha (DIN 125, 9021): I-Flat washers isetyenziselwa ukusabalalisa uxinzelelo lwee-bolts okanye i-nuts ukukhusela umonakalo kwindawo edibeneyo.
I-self-tapping screws (DIN 7981): Isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa ipleyiti encinci ngaphandle kokugaya kwangaphambili.
Iiwasha zasentwasahlobo (DIN 127): Isetyenziselwa ukuthintela amantongomane okanye iibholiti ukuba zikhululeke phantsi kokungcangcazela okanye imithwalo eguquguqukayo.
Izixhobo zokuqinisa umgangatho waseJamani kunye namabanga
Insimbi yeCarbon: ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa iinjongo eziqhelekileyo, insimbi ephantsi yekhabhoni ifanelekile kwizicelo zamandla aphantsi, kwaye i-carbon steel medium kunye nephezulu ifanelekile kwizicelo ezineemfuno zamandla aphezulu.
Intsimbi ye-alloy: iimeko zokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, njengokwakhiwa, iibhulorho kunye nokuveliswa koomatshini. Amandla ayo adla ngokubonakaliswa kumabakala 8.8, 10.9, kunye ne-12.9.
Insimbi engagqwali (A2, A4): I-A2 isetyenziselwa iindawo eziqhelekileyo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nomhlwa, kwaye i-A4 isetyenziselwa iindawo ezifuna kakhulu umhlwa (ezifana neendawo zaselwandle kunye neekhemikhali).
Igalvanizing: Iintsimbi zekhabhoni okanye iziqhoboshi zentsimbi zifakwe igalvanized (zifakwe umbane okanye ishushu-dip galvanized) ukuqinisa ukuxhathisa kwazo kwaye zifanelekile kwiindawo ezingaphandle okanye ezifumileyo.
Iindawo zesicelo
Ukwakhiwa: I-Fasteners isetyenziselwa izakhiwo zetsimbi, i-formwork connections kwi-concrete yokugalela, i-scaffolding kunye nokulungiswa kwezixhobo zokwakha. Isetyenziselwa ukulungisa iileyili ze-elevator kudonga lwe-elevator shaft, ukudibanisa phakathi kweereyili kunye neizibiyeli zikaloliwe, kunye noncedo olukhawulezayo lwezibiyeli zekholomu kunye neentsimbi ezisisigxina. Iibholiti zokuqina okuphezulu (ezifana nebakala le-10.9) kunye neebholithi ezishushu zediphu zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
Ukwenziwa koomatshini: Kwizixhobo zoomatshini, iibholiti ze-DIN 933 kunye ne-DIN 934 nuts zezona ziqhelekileyo indibaniselwano, esetyenziswa kunye neewasha ezicaba kunyeiiwasha zasentwasahloboukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kunye nokuqina koqhagamshelwano.
Umzi-mveliso weemoto: Izibophelelo zetsimbi zamandla aphezulu ezifana ne-DIN 912 (i-hexagon socket bolts) zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iimoto, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezifuna amandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokungcangcazela.
Izixhobo zasekhaya kunye nezixhobo zombane: Izibophelelo ezincinci ezifana ne-DIN 7981 (izikrufu ezizibambayo) zisetyenziselwa ukulungisa amashiti esinyithi okanye iinxalenye zeplastiki ngaphandle kokugaya kwangaphambili.
Ukhetho oluchanekileyo kunye nofakelo
Ukuthelekisa amandla: Khetha ibakala lamandla elifanelekileyo ngokwesicelo esithile. Ngokomzekelo, iibholiti ze-8.8 zisetyenziselwa izicelo ezineemfuno zamandla aphakathi, kwaye i-12.9 ibakala isetyenziselwa amandla aphezulu kunye nokudibanisa okubalulekileyo.
Imilinganiselo yokuchasana nokukhulula: Kwiindawo zokungcangcazela okanye eziguquguqukayo zomthwalo, sebenzisa iiwasha zasentwasahlobo (DIN 127), amandongomane okuvala inayiloni okanye izitshixo zemisonto yolwelo ukuthintela amandongomane ukuba angakhululeki.
Amanyathelo okunqanda ukubola: Kwiindawo ezingaphandle okanye ezifumileyo, izibophelelo zentsimbi okanye intsimbi engenasici zikhethwa ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo.
Ulawulo lwetorque yokufakela
Ukucaciswa kweTorque: Ngexesha lofakelo, iibholiti kufuneka ziqiniswe ngokungqongqo ngokwenkcazo yetorque ukuze ugweme umonakalo wentambo ngenxa yokuqina okanye ukungaphumeleli koxhulumaniso ngenxa yokukhululeka.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-torque wrench: Kwiziqhagamshelo ezibalulekileyo, i-torque wrench kufuneka isetyenziswe ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-torque esetyenzisiweyo ingaphakathi kweemfuno zokuyila, ngokukodwa ekufakeni iibholiti eziphezulu.
Ukugcinwa kunye nokuhlolwa
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo: Ukuhlola rhoqo izibophelelo eziphambili, ngakumbi xa usebenza kwi-vibration ephezulu, umthwalo onzima kunye neendawo zokushisa eziphezulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-fasteners ayikhululekile, i-corrored okanye igugile.
Umjikelo wokutshintshwa: Ngokuhambelana nesixhobo kunye nemeko-bume yokusetyenziswa kweziqhoboshi, seta umjikelo ofanelekileyo wokutshintsha ukuthintela ukusilela okubangelwa kukudinwa okanye ukubola.
Ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho nemimiselo
Ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yaseJamani: Kwiiprojekthi zamazwe ngamazwe, ngakumbi ezo zibandakanya ukuthumela ngaphandle okanye intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe, kubalulekile ukuthobela imigangatho yeDIN. Qinisekisa ukuba iziqhoboshi ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yaseJamani ehambelanayo (efana ne-DIN EN ISO 898-1: Imigangatho yepropathi yomatshini kwizibophelelo).
Isatifikethi kunye nokuhlolwa komgangatho: Qinisekisa ukuba i-fasteners ethengiweyo idlula isatifikethi esiyimfuneko kunye nokuhlolwa komgangatho (njenge-ISO certification) ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wemveliso uhlangabezana neemfuno.
Ngokuqonda okunzulu kunye nokusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kolwazi lwaseJamani lwe-fastener esemgangathweni, ukhuseleko, ukuthembeka kunye nokuqina kweprojekthi kunokuphuculwa kakhulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-10-2024